Footnotes
1. American Cancer Society. (2004, accessed October 27, 2004) Cancer
Facts & Figures 2004. [Online] http://www.cancer.org/downloads/STT/CAFF_FinalPWSecured.pdf.
2. Eddy DM. Screening for cervical cancer. Ann Intern Med 1990;113(3):214-26.
3. Sawaya GF, Brown AD, Washington AE, Garber AM. Clinical practice.
Current approaches to cervical cancer screening. N Engl J Med
2001;344:1603-7.
4. Saslow D, Runowicz CD, Solomon D, et al. American Cancer Society
guideline for the early detection of cervical neoplasia and cancer. CA:
Cancer J Clin 2002;52:342-62.
5. National Institutes of Health. Cervical Cancer. NIH
Consensus Statement. 1996;14:1-38.
6. Nanda K, McCrory DC, Myers ER, et al. Accuracy of the Papanicolaou
test in screening for and follow-up of cervical cytologic abnormalities.
Ann Intern Med 2000;132:810-19.
7. Sherman MA, Schiffman M, Herrero R, et al. Performance of a semiautomated
Papanicolaou smear screening system: results of a population-based study
conducted in Guanacaste, Costa Rica. Cancer 1998;84:273-80.
8. Tan KB, Chang SA, Soh VC, et al. Quality indices in a cervicovaginal
cytology service: before and after laboratory accreditation. Arch
Pathol Lab Med 2004;128(3):303-7.
9. Renshaw AA. A practical problem with calculating the false-negative
rate of Papanicolaou smear interpretation by rescreening negative cases
alone. Cancer 1999;87(6):351-3.
10. Felix JC. The science behind the effectiveness of in vivo screening.
Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003;188(3 Suppl):S8-12.
11. Austin RM, Ramzy I. Increased detection of epithelial cell abnormalities
by liquid-based gynecologic cytology preparations. A review of accumulated
data. Acta Cytol 1998 Jan-Feb;42(1):178-84.
12. Vassilaskos P, Saurel J, Rondez R. Direct-to-vial use of the AutoCyte
PREP liquid-based preparation for cervical-vaginal specimens in three
European laboratories. Acta Cytol 1999;43:65-8.
13. Bonnez W, Reichman RC. Papillomaviruses. In: Mandell GL,
Bennett JE, Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious
Disease. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone, Inc.,
2000.
14. Burd EM. Human papillomavirus and cervical cancer. Clin Microbiol
Rev 2003;16(1):1-17.
15. Koutsky LA, for the Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance/Low-Grade
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions Triage Study (ALTS) Group. HPV triage
as a management strategy for women with lowgrade squamous intraepithelial
lesions. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000;92:397-402.
16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2004, accessed October
25, 2004). Genital HPV Infection Factsheet [Online] http://www.cdc.gov/std/HPV/STDFact-HPV.htm.
17. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2001, accessed October
24, 2004) Genital HPV infection. [Online] http://www.cdc.gov/nchstp/od/program_brief_2001/Genital%20HPV%20Infection.htm.
18. Ho GY, Studentsov YY, Bierman R, et al. Natural history of human
papillomavirus type 16 virus-like particle antibodies in young women.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004;13(1):110-6.
19. Jay N, Moscicki AB. Human papillomavirus infection in women. In:
Goldman M, Hatch M, eds. Women & Health. San Diego, CA: Academic
Press, 2000.
20. Rigoni-Stern D. IV Congress of Italian Scientists, 1842.
21. Kaufman RH, Adam E, Vonka V. Human papillomavirus infection and cervical
carcinoma. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2000;43:363–80.
22. Shope RE, Hurst EW. Infectious papillomatosis of rabbits, with a
note on histopathology. J Exp Med 1933;58:607–24.
23. Rous PJB. The progression of carcinoma of virus-induced papillomas
(Shope). J Exp Med
24. Koss LG, Durfee GR. Unusual patterns of squamous epithelium of the
uterine cervix: cytologic and pathologic study of koilocytic atypia. Ann
N Y Acad Sci 1956;63:1245–61.
25. Burk RD. Human papilloma irus and the risk of cervical cancer. Hosp
Pract 1999;34:103–11.
26. Bosch FX, de Sanjose S. Chapter 1: Human papillomavirus and cervical
cancer—burden and assessment of causality. J Natl Cancer Inst
Monogr 2003;3:3-13.
27. Kaiser Family Foundation. (2000, accessed October 25, 2004) National
Survey of Public Knowledge of HPV, the Human Papillomavirus. [Online]
http://www.kff.org/womenshealth/upload/13385_1.pdf.
28. Charlton Research Company. Research!America Women’s
Health Survey, 1,000 Women Nationwide. September 2004.
29. Anhang R, Stryker JE, Wright TC Jr, et al. News media coverage of
human papillomavirus. Cancer 2004;100(2):308-14.
30. Anhang R, Goodman A, Goldie SJ. HPV communication: review of existing
research and recommendations for patient education. CA Cancer J Clin
2004;54(5):248-59.
31. Anhang R, Wright TC Jr, Smock L, et al. Women’s desired information
about human papillomavirus. Cancer 2004;100(2):315-20.
32. Frega A, Cenci M, Stentella P, et al. Human papillomavirus in virgins
and behaviour at risk. Cancer Lett 2003;194(1):21-4.
33. Frasier LD. HPV infections in children. Pediatr Ann 1994;
23(7):354-60.
34. Daling JR, Madeleine MM, Johnson LG, et al. Human papillomavirus,
smoking, and sexual practices in the etiology of anal cancer. Cancer
2004;101(2):270-80.
35. Christopher A. Hearing addresses condoms for HPV prevention. J
Natl Cancer Inst 2004;96(13):985.
36. Harper DM. Why am I scared of HPV? CA Cancer J Clin 2004;54:245-7.
37. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2000, accessed
October 26, 2004) Making decisions about human papillomavirus based on
sound medicine, rather than politics. [Online] http://www.acog.org/from_home/departments/dept_notice.cfm?recno=11&bulletin=1083.
38. Palefsky JM. Cervical human papillomavirus infection and cervical
intraepithelial neoplasia in women positive for human immunodeficiency
virus in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Curr Opin
Oncol 2003;15(5):382-8.
39. Castle PE, Wacholder S, Lorincz AT, et al. A prospective study of
high-grade cervical neoplasia risk among human papillomavirus-infected
women. J Natl Cancer Inst 2002; 94(18):1406-14.
40. Magnusson PK, Gyllensten UB. Cervical cancer risk: is there a genetic
component? Mol Med Today 2000;6(4):145-8.
41. Magnusson PK, Sparen P, Gyllensten UB. Genetic link to cervical tumors.
Nature 1999;400:29-30.
42. American Cancer Society. (2004, accessed December 13, 2004) Detailed
Guide: What Are the Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer? [Online] http://www.cancer.org/docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_2X_
What_are_the_risk_factors_for_cervical_cancer_8.asp.
43. Wright TC Jr, Cox JT, Massad LS, et al. 2001 Consensus Guidelines
for the management of women with cervical cytological abnormalities. JAMA
2001;287(16):2120-9.
44. Lorincz AT, Richart RM. Human papillomavirus DNA testing as an adjunct
to cytology in cervical screening programs. Arch Pathol Lab Med
2003;127:959-68.
45. Mandelblatt JS, Lawrence WF, Womack SM, et al. Benefits and costs
of using HPV testing to screen for cervical cancer. JAMA 2002;287(18):2372-81.
46. Goldie SJ, Kim JJ, Wright TC. Cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus
DNA testing for cervical cancer screening in women aged 30 years or more.
Obstet Gynecol 2004;103(4):619-31.
47. Austell A, ed. The vaccine marathon. HPV News 2000;10:1-5.
48. Daily University Science News. (2002, accessed November 2, 2004)
Scientists developing an edible vaccine against HPV. [Online] http://unisci.com/stories/20022/0610024.htm.
49. Koutsky LA, Ault KA, Wheeler CM, et al. Controlled Trial of a Human
Papillomavirus Type 16 Vaccine. New Engl J Med 2002;347(21):1645-51.
50. The risk of cervical cancer stops rising around age 40, after
which it remains relatively steady. The average age the disease
is found in the United States is 47.
51. Sanders GD, Taira AV. Cost-effectiveness of a potential vaccine for
human papillomavirus vaccines. Emerging Inf Dis 2003;9(1):37-48.
52. Kulasingam SL, Myers ER. Potential health and economic impact of
adding a human papillomavirus vaccine to cancer screening. JAMA
2003;290(6):781-9.
53. Harper DM, Franco EL, Wheeler C, et al. Efficacy of a bivalent L1
virus-like particle vaccine in prevention of infection with human papillomavirus
types 16 and 18 in young women: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet
2004;364:1757-65.
54. Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation Daily Reproductive Health Report.
(2004, accessed November 1, 2004) GlaxoSmithKline Announces Acceleration
in Development of Cervical Cancer Vaccine [Online] http://www.kaisernetwork.org/daily_reports/rep_index.cfm?DR_ID=26503. |